Most Common Functions used in Selenium-Webdriver

1. Locators:

    Finding WebElement  by using various locators in WebDriver

A.     Using ID :

We are finding the element using Id then the sample code for it is:

Example:

 WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.id("Id from webpage"));

B.     Using Name :

 We are finding the element using Name then sample code for it is:

Example:

 WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name("Name of         WebElement"));

C.     Using Tag Name :

We are finding the element using tag name then the sample code for it is:

Example:

 WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.tagName("tag name"));

D.     Using Xpath :

 We are finding the using xpath then the sample code for it is:

Example:

 WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath of  webElement"));

E.     Using CSS  :

We are finding the element using css selector then the sample code for it is :

Example:

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.CSS("CSS locator path"));

F.      Using LinkText :

We are finding the element using the linktext then the sample code for it is:

Example:

WebElement welement = driver.findElement(By.LinkText("LinkText"));

2.      Fetching pop-up message in Selenium-WebDriver:

   Suppose  we require a function for fetching the pop-up message in the web page then the sample code for it is:Example: 
public static String getPopupMessage(final WebDriver driver) {
String message = null;
try {
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
message = alert.getText();
alert.accept();
}

catch (Exception e) {
message = null;
}
System.out.println("message"+message);
return message;
}

3.      Canceling pop-up in Selenium-WebDriver:

In the above example we have seen the function for fetching the pop-message now we are going to write sample code for cancelling the pop-up message.

Example:
public static String cancelPopupMessageBox(final WebDriver driver) {
String message = null;
try {
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
message = alert.getText();
alert.dismiss();
} catch (Exception e) {
message = null;
}
return message;
}

4.      Inserting string in Text Field in Selenium-WebDriver:

In a web page we find several text boxes ,we need to enter a string in the text field then we require some sample code to attain the functionality:

Example:

public static void insertText(WebDriver driver, By locator, String value) {
WebElement field = driver.findElement(locator);
field.clear();
field.sendKeys(value);
}

5.      Reading Title text in in Selenium-WebDriver:

Suppose we are in we need to know title of the web-page then we require sample code to represent this:

Example:
public static String tooltipText(WebDriver driver, By locator){
String tooltip = driver.findElement(locator).getAttribute("title");
return tooltip;
}

6.      Selecting Radio Button in Selenium-WebDriver

We are having radio-button selection then the sample code requires to perform this:

Example:                                                                                                             
public static void selectRadioButton(WebDriver driver, By locator, String value){

List select = driver.findElements(locator);
for (WebElement element : select)
{
if (element.getAttribute("value").equalsIgnoreCase(value)){
element.click();
}
}

7.       Selecting CheckBox in Selenium-WebDriver
We are having the checkbox in page to perform this sample code for it is:

Example:
public static void selectCheckboxes(WebDriver driver, By locator,String value)
{
List abc = driver.findElements(locator);
List list = new ArrayListArrays.asList(value.split(",")));
for (String check : list){
for (WebElement chk : abc){
if(chk.getAttribute("value").equalsIgnoreCase(check)){
chk.click();
}

}

}

}

8.      Selecting Dropdown in Selenium-WebDriver

We are having the dropdown option for selecting an options we can do this by having sample code for it is:

Example:

public static void selectDropdown(WebDriver driver, By locator, String value){
Select select =new Select (driver.findElement(locator));

select.selectByVisibleText(value);

 }

9.      Selecting searched dropdown in Selenium-WebDriver

We have to search for an product in search box ,we enter some string in search box then we have to select that specific string then the sample code for it is:

Example:

public static void selectSearchDropdown(WebDriver driver, By locator, String value){
driver.findElement(locator).click();
driver.findElement(locator).sendKeys(value);
driver.findElement(locator).sendKeys(Keys.TAB);
}

10.  Uploading file using  Selenium-WebDriver

We will be uploading some files in the application to obtain this sample code for this is :

Example:

public static void uploadFile(WebDriver driver, By locator, String path){
driver.findElement(locator).sendKeys(path);
}

11.  Wait() in Selenium-WebDriver

A.     Implicit Wait :

Example:
driver.manage.timeouts().implicitlyWait(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS);

B.     Explicit Wait:

Example:

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,10);
wait.until(ExpectedConditons.elementToBeClickable(By.id/xpath/name("locator"));

C.      Using Sleep method of java:
Thread.sleep(time in milisecond);

12.  Navigation method of WebDriver Interface

Different kinds navigations were present.

     A.get()- used to get the Url

     driver.get(URL);

B.to() method (its a alternative of get() method)
driver.navigate().to(Url);
This will open the URL that you have inserted as argument

C.back() – use to navigate one step back from current position in recent history syntax             driver.navigate().back();

D.forward() – use to navigate one step forward in browser

 driver.navigate().forward();

E.refresh() – This will refresh you current open url

driver.navigate().refresh();

13.  Deleting all Cookies before doing any kind of action

We have to delete the cookies in a web page

 driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
This will delete all cookies

14.  Pressing any Keyboard key using Action builder class of WebDriver

      We are having  one class Action to handle all keyboard and Mouse action. While creating a action builder its constructor takes WebDriver as argument. Here I am taking example of pressing Control key:

Example:
Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
builder.keyDown(Keys.CONTROL).click(someElement).click(someOtherElement).keyUp(Keys.CONTROL).build().perform();

When we press multiple keys or action together then we need to bind all in a single command by using build() method and perform() method intend us to perform the action.
In the same way you can handle other key actions.

15.  Drag and Drop action in Webdriver
In this we need to specify both WebElement  like Source and target and for draganddrop Action class has a method with two argument so let see how it normally look like

Example:
WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.name("source"));
WebElement target = driver.findElement(By.name("target"));
(new Actions(driver)).dragAndDrop(element, target).perform();

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